How Alcohol Affects People with ADHD

People with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have trouble staying focused, being still and controlling their impulses, among other symptoms. For those who have ADHD, alcohol may seem like an effective tool for managing their condition since its depressant properties can temporarily calm the brain’s stress response and reduce hyperactivity.

However, any short-term benefits are outweighed by the long-term risks of using alcohol for this purpose. Read on to learn about ADHD and alcohol, including ADHD meds and alcohol interactions, ADHD and alcohol abuse and other issues.

ADHD and Alcohol Use: Risk Factors

If you or a loved one has ADHD, understanding how the conditions and alcohol use are related is critical. Some of the risk factors for ADHD and alcohol use include:

• Alcohol use at a younger age. People with severe ADHD may be more likely to start using alcohol earlier. They may also use it more frequently and heavily.
• Binge drinking. ADHD may increase the likelihood of binge drinking in early adulthood.
• Higher alcohol sensitivity. Research suggests that people with ADHD may be more likely to experience symptoms of alcohol impairment.
• Increased risk of alcohol use disorder. Childhood ADHD may increase the risk of alcohol use disorder later in life.
• Increased ADHD symptom intensity. People with ADHD who use alcohol may experience more severe symptoms, including more impulsiveness and trouble focusing.

People sometimes ask, “Does alcohol make ADHD worse?” The short answer is, yes, it does. However, it’s vital to understand that research on ADHD and drinking alcohol is ongoing.

Effects of Alcohol on ADHD Symptoms

Research suggests drinking alcohol has adverse effects for people with ADHD, but how does alcohol affect ADHD over time?

Short-term effects

People with ADHD who consume alcohol may experience behavior changes greater than those caused by alcohol in people without the condition, including:

• Increased inattentiveness
• Decreased impulse control
• Decreased ability to make effective decisions
• Disrupted sleep patterns

Long-term effects

The potential long-term effects of alcohol consumption for someone with ADHD include direct physical consequences and issues that arise from the negative impact on decision-making and lower inhibitions, including:

• Developing alcohol use disorder and the associated health risks
  • Heart problems
  • Digestive issues
  • Diabetes complications
  • Liver disease
  • Eye problems
  • Sexual dysfunction
  • Increased cancer risk
  • Weakened immune system
  • Decreased bone health
• Increased risk of accidental injuries, car accidents and drowning
• Poor school or work performance
• Relationship problems
• Legal and financial troubles
• Misuse of other substances
• Increased suicide risk

ADHD Medication and Alcohol Interaction

Medications for treating ADHD are safe and effective. Studies have shown that they help people focus more effectively and do better in school and at work. However, combining prescription drugs for ADHD with alcohol can cause significant side effects.

Stimulant medications

Doctors most often treat ADHD with stimulants. They prescribe medications like Adderall, Ritalin and others for people with the condition. However, using these stimulants while consuming alcohol can cause symptoms like drowsiness, dizziness, trouble concentrating and liver damage. It also increases the risk of heart problems.

Non-stimulant medications

Doctors may prescribe non-stimulant drugs for ADHD in some cases. These drugs also pose the risk of adverse interactions with alcohol. The combination of this type of ADHD medicine and alcohol can cause drowsiness, dizziness, depression, anxiety, seizures, chest pain and rapid heart rate.

ADHD and Addiction: Understanding the Link

ADHD and alcohol addiction are linked in multiple ways. For example, people with ADHD often look for ways to lower the stress the condition causes, and alcohol can have that effect. These people also tend to exhibit reward-seeking behavior. Because drinking causes the body to produce more of the feel-good hormone dopamine, they may be inclined to drink more often.

And finally, researchers have discovered genes that are common to ADHD and alcohol addiction. This may mean that people with ADHD are prone to alcohol use disorder.

How to Manage ADHD and Alcohol Risks

The first step in managing alcohol risks as a person with ADHD is understanding they exist. The more you know about how alcohol is likely to affect you and interact with your ADHD medication, the better prepared you are to make wise decisions.

Tips for safe alcohol consumption with ADHD

Some people with ADHD find they can drink alcohol in moderation safely. However, it’s crucial to know and address the challenges. Here are some tips to keep in mind:

• Talk with your doctor first. They can help you understand how your condition and any medication you take are likely to affect your alcohol consumption.
• Set a limit and stick to it. People with ADHD may find it hard to monitor their alcohol intake due to forgetfulness symptoms if they don’t have a firm cutoff in mind. Be sure to set one for yourself when you drink.
• Identify your triggers. Certain conditions may lead a person with ADHD to drink to excess. Know what yours are and be prepared to take action (like leaving a stressful environment) as needed.

Seeking help for alcohol misuse

People with ADHD may be at a higher risk of misusing alcohol. If you know or think you have a problem, talk with your healthcare provider. They can discuss alcohol use disorder treatments (cognitive-behavioral therapy, group therapy, outpatient treatment, etc.) and help you find the resources you need.

Why Choose Baptist Health for ADHD and Substance Abuse Support?

Baptist Health is a leader in helping people with ADHD and alcohol use disorder, or other substance use issues. Our behavioral health services focus on whole-person care that addresses the mind, body and spirit. We offer several programs to meet the needs of adolescents, adults and seniors.

If you struggle with alcohol and ADHD, talk with your primary care physician about your situation and symptoms. If you don’t have a Baptist Health doctor, our online provider directory is a great place to find one.

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